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The voiced alveolar lateral approximant is a type of consonantal sound used in many spoken languages.The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents dental, alveolar, and postalveolar lateral approximants is l , and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is l.
Its phonation is voiced, which means the vocal cords vibrate during the articulation. It is an oral consonant , which means air is allowed to escape through the mouth only. It is a lateral consonant , which means it is produced by directing the airstream over the sides of the tongue, rather than down the middle.
An example of a lateral consonant is the English L, as in Larry. Lateral consonants contrast with central consonants , in which the airstream flows through the center of the mouth. For the most common laterals, the tip of the tongue makes contact with the upper teeth (see dental consonant ) or the upper gum (see alveolar consonant ), but there ...
More extensive L-vocalization is a notable feature of certain dialects of English, including Cockney, Estuary English, New York English, New Zealand English, Pittsburgh English, Philadelphia English and Australian English, in which an /l/ sound occurring at the end of a word (but usually not when the next word begins with a vowel and is pronounced without a pause) or before a consonant is ...
Its manner of articulation is fricative, which means it is produced by constricting air flow through a narrow channel at the place of articulation, causing turbulence. Its place of articulation is alveolar , which means it is articulated with either the tip or the blade of the tongue at the alveolar ridge , termed respectively apical and laminal .
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The distinction is noticeable in the speech of some American English speakers in distinguishing the words "potty" (tap [ɾ]) and "party" (retroflex ). For linguists who do not make the distinction, alveolars and dentals are typically called taps and other articulations flaps. No language contrasts a tap and a flap at the same place of articulation.
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