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William T. Powers (August 29, 1926 – May 24, 2013) was a medical physicist and an independent scholar of experimental and theoretical psychology [1] [2] [3] who developed the perceptual control theory (PCT) model of behavior as the control of perception. He was the son of the well-known cement scientist and economist Treval Clifford Powers. [4]
Control is checking current performance against pre-determined standards contained in the plans, with a view to ensuring adequate progress and satisfactory performance. According to Harold Koontz: Controlling is the measurement and correction of performance to make sure that enterprise objectives and the plans devised to attain them are ...
Controlled behaviors - behaviors over which one has cognitive control - are guided by maintenance, updating, and representing task goals, and inhibiting information irrelevant to the task goal. [7] Cognitive control is often developed through reinforcement as well as learning from previous experiences.
When controlling variables unrelated to standard or immediate reinforcement take over control of the tact, it is said to be solecistically extended. Malapropisms, solecism and catachresis are examples of this. [1] Skinner notes things like serial order, or conspicuous features of an object, may come to play as nominative tacts.
The model is an older and more theoretical approach to personality, accepting extroversion and introversion as basic psychological orientations in connection with two pairs of psychological functions: Perceiving functions: sensing and intuition (trust in concrete, sensory-oriented facts vs. trust in abstract concepts and imagined possibilities)
[2] [page needed] Unlike other subdivisions within biological psychology, the main focus of psychological research is the development of theories that describe brain-behavior relationships. Physiological psychology studies many topics relating to the body's response to a behavior or activity in an organism. [3]
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In cognitive science and neuropsychology, executive functions (collectively referred to as executive function and cognitive control) are a set of cognitive processes that support goal-directed behavior, by regulating thoughts and actions through cognitive control, selecting and successfully monitoring actions that facilitate the attainment of chosen objectives.