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The unique objectives of government accounting do not preclude the use of the double entry accounting system. There can, however, be other significant differences with private sector accounting practices, especially those that are intended to arrive at a net income result.
The Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB) is the source of generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) used by state and local governments in the United States. [1] As with most of the entities involved in creating GAAP in the United States, it is a private, non-governmental organization.
Materiality in governmental auditing is different from materiality in private sector auditing for several reasons. Most importantly, due to the format of state and local government financial statements under GAAP , the AICPA Audit Guide for State and Local Governments requires auditors to consider materiality by "opinion unit" rather than for ...
The government financial statements usually include a statement of activities (similar to an income statement in the private sector), a balance sheet and often some type of reconciliation. Cash flow statements are often included to show the sources of the revenue and the destination of the expenses.
Other organizations involved in determining United States accounting standards include: Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB). Created in 1984, the GASB addresses state and local government reporting issues. Its structure is similar to that of the FASB's, and the FASB and GASB are located together and share resources.
Government spending or expenditure includes all government consumption, investment, and transfer payments. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] In national income accounting , the acquisition by governments of goods and services for current use, to directly satisfy the individual or collective needs of the community, is classed as government final consumption expenditure .
The powers not given to the federal government are reserved to the states or the people. This is a bedrock principle of U.S. constitutional law." Public education
IPSAS are accounting standards for application by national governments, regional (e.g., state, provincial, territorial) governments, local (e.g., city, town) governments and related governmental entities (e.g., agencies, boards and commissions). IPSAS standards are widely used by intergovernmental organizations or institutions.