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Example of direct replication and conceptual replication. There are two main types of replication in statistics. First, there is a type called “exact replication” (also called "direct replication"), which involves repeating the study as closely as possible to the original to see whether the original results can be precisely reproduced. [3]
Reproducibility, closely related to replicability and repeatability, is a major principle underpinning the scientific method.For the findings of a study to be reproducible means that results obtained by an experiment or an observational study or in a statistical analysis of a data set should be achieved again with a high degree of reliability when the study is replicated.
Balanced repeated replication is a statistical technique for estimating the sampling variability of a statistic obtained by stratified sampling. Outline of the technique
Replication (scientific method), one of the main principles of the scientific method, a.k.a. reproducibility Replication (statistics), the repetition of a test or complete experiment; Replication crisis; Self-replication, the process in which an entity (a cell, virus, program, etc.) makes a copy of itself
Inferential statistics cannot separate variability due to treatment from variability due to experimental units when there is only one measurement per unit. Sacrificial pseudoreplication (Figure 5b in Hurlbert 1984) occurs when means within a treatment are used in an analysis, and these means are tested over the within unit variance.
From January 2008 to July 2008, if you bought shares in companies when Richard C. Holbrooke joined the board, and sold them when he left, you would have a -60.3 percent return on your investment, compared to a -15.2 percent return from the S&P 500.
Conceptual replication, where a finding or hypothesis is tested using a different procedure. [11] [14] Conceptual replication allows testing for generalizability and veracity of a result or hypothesis. [14] Reproducibility can also be distinguished from replication, as referring to reproducing the same results using the same data set ...
SOURCE: Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System, Appalachian State University (2014, 2013, 2012, 2011, 2010). Read our methodology here. HuffPost and The Chronicle examined 201 public D-I schools from 2010-2014. Schools are ranked based on the percentage of their athletic budget that comes from subsidies.