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The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR; ErbB-1; ... EGFR is unable to activate itself, which is a prerequisite for binding of downstream adaptor proteins ...
Activation of the tyrosine kinase domain leads to the activation of the whole range of downstream signaling pathways like PLCγ, ERK 1/2, p38 MAPK, PI3-K/Akt and more with the cell. [ 17 ] [ 18 ] When not bound to a ligand, the extracellular regions of ErbB1, ErbB3, and ErbB4 are found in a tethered conformation in which a 10-amino-acid-long ...
The EGFR-ERK/MAPK (epidermal growth factor receptor extracellular-regulated kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase) pathway stimulated by EGF is critical for cellular proliferation, but the temporal separation between signal and response obscures the signal-response relationship in previous research.In 2013, Albeck et al. [9] provided key ...
Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is a protein that stimulates cell growth and differentiation by binding to its receptor, EGFR. Human EGF is 6-kDa [5] and has 53 amino acid residues and three intramolecular disulfide bonds. [6] EGF was originally described as a secreted peptide found in the submaxillary glands of mice and in human urine.
Fig. 1: Activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor by autophosphorylation. Adapted from Pecorino (2008) [1] Fig. 2: Regulation of Src-kinase by autophosphorylation. Adapted from Frame (2002) [2] Autophosphorylation is a type of post-translational modification of proteins.
The Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is regarded as the best overall measure of the kidney's ability to carry out these numerous functions. An estimate of the GFR is used clinically to determine the degree of kidney impairment and to track the progression of the disease. The GFR, however, does not reveal the source of the kidney disease.
HER2 is a member of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER/EGFR/ERBB) family. But contrary to other members of the ERBB family, HER2 does not directly bind ligand. HER2 activation results from heterodimerization with another ERBB member or by homodimerization when HER2 concentration are high, for instance in cancer. [8]
ErbB3 is a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR/ERBB) family of receptor tyrosine kinases. The kinase-impaired ErbB3 is known to form active heterodimers with other members of the ErbB family, most notably the ligand binding-impaired ErbB2 .
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