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Libraries in several states continued their segregation practices even after the "separate but equal" doctrine was overruled by the Civil Rights Act. In 1964 E. J. Josey, the first African American member of ALA, put forth a resolution preventing ALA officers and staff members to attend segregated state chapter meetings. [84]
The state of Tennessee enacted 20 Jim Crow laws between 1866 and 1955, including six requiring school segregation, four which outlawed miscegenation, three which segregated railroads, two requiring segregation for public accommodations, and one which mandated segregation on streetcars.
States and school districts did little to reduce segregation, and schools remained almost completely segregated until 1968, after Congressional passage of civil rights legislation. [29] In response to pressures to desegregate in the public school system, some white communities started private segregated schools, but rulings in Green v.
"The United States Supreme Court defines steering as a 'practice by which real estate brokers and agents preserve and encourage patterns of racial segregation in available housing by steering members of racial and ethnic groups to buildings occupied primarily by members of such racial and ethnic groups and away from buildings and neighborhoods ...
The compromise counted three-fifths of each state's slave population toward that state's total population for the purpose of apportioning the U.S. House of Representatives. Even though slaves were denied voting rights, this gave Southern states more U.S. representatives and more presidential electoral votes than if slaves had not been counted.
The demographics of these states changed markedly from the 1890s through the 1960s, as two waves of the Great Migration resulted in more than 6,500,000 African Americans to abandon the economically depressed, segregated Deep South in search of better employment opportunities and living conditions, first in Northern and Midwestern industrial ...
Medicare (United States) Mendez vs. Westminster: For All the Children; Military history of African Americans; Military history of African Americans in the American Civil War; Military history of Asian Americans; 1964 Monson Motor Lodge protests; Moulin Rouge Hotel
In the 2010 United States Census, 84.4% of Indiana residents reported being white, compared with 73.8% for the nation as a whole. [7]Indiana, while not having much in the way of slavery, and in-fact outlawing slavery in the state's first constitution with Article VIII, Section 1 expressly banning slavery or any introduction of slavery into the law of the state. [8]