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Dynamic range (abbreviated DR, DNR, [1] or DYR [2]) is the ratio between the largest and smallest measurable values of a specific quantity. It is often used in the context of signals, like sound and light.
Dynamic range compression (DRC) or simply compression is an audio signal processing operation that reduces the volume of loud sounds or amplifies quiet sounds, thus reducing or compressing an audio signal's dynamic range.
Dynamic range is the difference between the largest and smallest signal a system can record or reproduce. Without dither, the dynamic range correlates to the quantization noise floor. For example, 16-bit integer resolution allows for a dynamic range of about 96 dB.
The dynamic range capability of digital audio systems far exceeds that of analog audio systems. Consumer analog cassette tapes have a dynamic range of between 50 and 75 dB. Analog FM broadcasts rarely have a dynamic range exceeding 50 dB. [4] Analog studio master tapes can have a dynamic range of up to 77 dB. [5]
Many audio components are tested for performance using objective and quantifiable measurements, e.g., THD, dynamic range and frequency response. Some take the view that objective measurements are useful and often relate well to subjective performance, i.e., the sound quality as experienced by the listener. [13]
Dynamic range used to mean [specify] the difference between maximum level and noise level, with maximum level defined as a clipping signal with a specified THD+N. The term has become corrupted by a tendency [ citation needed ] to refer to the dynamic range of CD players as meaning the noise level on a blank recording with no dither, (in other ...
Depending on the dynamic range of the content and the target level, loudness normalization can result in peaks that exceed the recording medium's limits, causing clipping. Software offering loudness normalization typically provides the option of dynamic range compression to prevent clipping when this happens. In this situation, signal-to-noise ...
The measured dynamic range (DR) of a digital system is the ratio of the full scale signal level to the RMS noise floor. The theoretical minimum noise floor is caused by quantization noise. This is usually modeled as a uniform random fluctuation between − 1 ⁄ 2 LSB and + 1 ⁄ 2 LSB.