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Glomerulonephritis (GN) is a term used to refer to several kidney diseases (usually affecting both kidneys). Many of the diseases are characterised by inflammation either of the glomeruli or of the small blood vessels in the kidneys, hence the name, [1] but not all diseases necessarily have an inflammatory component.
Fibrinoid necrosis is a pathological lesion that affects blood vessels, and is characterized by the occurrence of endothelial damage, followed by leakage of plasma proteins, including fibrinogen, from the vessel lumen; these proteins infiltrate and deposit within the vessel walls, where fibrin polymerization subsequently ensues.
Photomicrograph of the renal biopsy showing prominent fibrocellular crescent formation and moderate mesangial proliferation in a glomerulus. Category: Histopathology of glomerulonephritis SDC: glomerulonephritis Transitional cell carcinoma: Histopathology of transitional carcinoma of the urinary bladder.
Diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis (DPGN) is a type of glomerulonephritis that is the most serious form of renal lesions in SLE and is also the most common, occurring in 35% to 60% of patients. [1]
When the glomeruli of the kidney from a patient with symptoms of proliferative nephritis are examined under the microscope, crescents will be normally observed. When these are subjected to immunofluorescence, three patterns can be observed: linear, granular and negative (pauci-immune). [ 1 ]
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Ito S, Kuriyama H, Iino N, et al. (December 2003). "Patient with diffuse mesangial and endocapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis with hypocomplementemia and elevated anti-streptolysin O treated with prednisolone, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, and angiotensin II receptor antagonist".
Crescentin was discovered in 2009 by Christine Jacobs-Wagner in Caulobacter crescentus (now vibrioides), an aquatic bacterium which uses its crescent-shaped cells for enhanced motility. [1] The crescentin protein is located on the concave face of these cells and appears to be necessary for their shape, as mutants lacking the protein form rod ...