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During positive pressure ventilation, atelectatic regions will inflate, however, the alveoli will be unstable and will collapse during the expiratory phase of the breath (atelectotrauma). This repeated alveolar collapse and expansion (RACE) is thought to cause VALI. By opening the lung and keeping the lung open RACE (and VALI) is reduced. [7]
Intermittent positive pressure breathing (IPPB) is a respiratory therapy treatment for people who are hypoventilating. While not a preferred method due to cost, [ 1 ] IPPB is used to expand the lungs, deliver aerosol medications, and in some circumstances ventilate the patient.
Modes of mechanical ventilation has only had an established nomenclature since 2008. [1] It is suggested that the modes categorized under the following sections be referred to as their section header instead of their individual name, which is often a brand name instead of the preferred nomenclature.
The administration of positive pressure ventilation, either mechanical ventilation or non-invasive ventilation, can result in barotrauma (pressure-related injury) leading to a pneumothorax. [ 13 ] Divers who breathe from an underwater apparatus are supplied with breathing gas at ambient pressure , which results in their lungs containing gas at ...
Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) is the pressure in the lungs (alveolar pressure) above atmospheric pressure (the pressure outside of the body) that exists at the end of expiration. [1] The two types of PEEP are extrinsic PEEP (PEEP applied by a ventilator) and intrinsic PEEP (PEEP caused by an incomplete exhalation).
The popularity of positive-pressure ventilators rose during the polio epidemic in the 1950s in Scandinavia [38] [39] and the United States and was the beginning of modern ventilation therapy. Positive pressure through manual supply of 50% oxygen through a tracheostomy tube led to a reduced mortality rate among patients with polio and ...
Since mechanical ventilation can worsen a pneumothorax, it can force air into the tissues; when subcutaneous emphysema occurs in a ventilated patient, it is an indication that the ventilation may have caused a pneumothorax. [2] It is not unusual for subcutaneous emphysema to result from positive pressure ventilation. [25]
intermittent positive pressure breathing (see mechanical ventilation) IPPV: intermittent positive pressure ventilation (see mechanical ventilation) IPS: intraperitoneal sounds IQ: intelligence quotient: IR: insulin resistance: interventional radiology: IRDS: infant respiratory distress syndrome: IRIDA: inherited iron-refractory iron deficiency ...