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A) is (approximately 1.12293), while for gauges two steps apart (e.g., A, B, and C), the ratio of the C to A is about 1.12293 2 ≈ 1.26098. Similarly for gauges n steps apart the ratio of the first to last gauges is about 1.12293 n. The diameter of an AWG wire is determined according to the following formula:
For wire sizes smaller than AWG No. 2 (33.6 mm 2, 0.0521 sq in), this term is also generally regarded as insignificant. R c , a {\textstyle R_{c,a}} is the effective thermal resistance between the conductor and the ambient conditions, which can require significant empirical or theoretical effort to estimate.
Wire gauges may be broadly divided into two groups, the empirical and the geometric. The first includes all the older gauge measurements, notably the Birmingham gauge (B.W.G. or Stubs) and the Lancashire. The origin of the B.W.G. is obscure. The numbers of wire were in common use earlier than 1735 when the measurements were officially defined. [1]
The ampacity of a conductor depends on its ability to dissipate heat without damage to the conductor or its insulation. This is a function of the insulation temperature rating, the electrical resistance of the conductor material, the ambient temperature, and the ability of the insulated conductor to dissipate heat to the surroundings.
Ohm's Law chapter from Lessons In Electric Circuits Vol 1 DC book and series. John C. Shedd and Mayo D. Hershey, "The History of Ohm's Law" , Popular Science , December 1913, pp. 599–614, Bonnier Corporation ISSN 0161-7370 , gives the history of Ohm's investigations, prior work, Ohm's false equation in the first paper, illustration of Ohm's ...
The current density inside round wire away from the influences of other fields, as function of distance from the axis is given by: [6]: 38 Current density in round wire for various skin depths. Numbers shown on each curve are the ratio of skin depth to wire radius. The curve shown with the infinity sign is the zero frequency (DC) case.
The formula to calculate the area in circular mil for any given AWG (American Wire Gauge) size is as follows.represents the area of number AWG. = (() /) For example, a number 12 gauge wire would use =:
The ampacity of a conductor, that is, the amount of current it can carry, is related to its electrical resistance: a lower-resistance conductor can carry a larger value of current. The resistance, in turn, is determined by the material the conductor is made from (as described above) and the conductor's size.