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A fingerprint classification system groups fingerprints according to their characteristics and therefore helps in the matching of a fingerprint against a large database of fingerprints. A query fingerprint that needs to be matched can therefore be compared with a subset of fingerprints in an existing database . [ 4 ]
The Henry Classification System is a long-standing method by which fingerprints are sorted by physiological characteristics for one-to-many searching. Developed by Hem Chandra Bose, [1] Qazi Azizul Haque [2] and Sir Edward Henry in the late 19th century for criminal investigations in British India, [3] it was the basis of modern-day AFIS (Automated Fingerprint Identification System ...
Edgeoscopy is a method of identification through the examination of the unique details and characteristics found along the edges of individual fingerprint ridges. These characteristics are the result of the alignment and shape of the individual ridge units and the relationship between them, as well as the effects of pores that are close to the edge of the ridges.
Dermatoglyphics, when correlated with genetic abnormalities, aids in the diagnosis of congenital malformations at birth or soon after.. Klinefelter syndrome: excess of arches on digit 1, more frequent ulnar loops on digit 2, overall fewer whorls, lower ridge counts for loops and whorls as compared with controls, and significant reduction of the total finger ridge count.
The nearly 100-year-old standard of comparing 16 ridge characteristics to identify latent prints at crime scenes against criminal records of fingerprint impressions was based on claims in a 1912 paper Bertillon published in France. [4] Alphonse Bertillon died 13 February 1914 in Paris.
Arthur Kollmann (1858–1941) [1] was a German medical researcher from Hamburg who studied the fingerprint characteristics of friction ridges and volar pads. [2]In the 1880s (1883, 1885), Kollmann was the first researcher to address the formation of friction ridges on the fetus and the random physical stresses and tensions which may have played a part in their growth.
As with fingerprints, an individual's DNA profile and characteristics are unique. [citation needed] Forensic identification using DNA can be useful in different cases such as determining suspects in violent crimes, solving paternity/maternity, and identifying human remains of victims from mass disasters or missing person cases. [21]
David R. Ashbaugh is a Canadian police officer known for his extensive research on the friction ridge identification, introducing for the first time the use of the term ridgeology in forensic identification and the ACE-V methodology. David Ashbaugh also wrote and published a fundamental and essential reference book for the entire forensic ...