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Ultrapure water (UPW), high-purity water or highly purified water (HPW) is water that has been purified to uncommonly stringent specifications. Ultrapure water is a term commonly used in manufacturing to emphasize the fact that the water is treated to the highest levels of purity for all contaminant types, including: organic and inorganic compounds; dissolved and particulate matter; volatile ...
A nitrite ester. In organic chemistry, alkyl nitrites are esters of nitrous acid and contain the nitrosoxy functional group. Nitro compounds contain the C–NO 2 group. Nitrites have the general formula RONO, where R is an aryl or alkyl group. Amyl nitrite and other alkyl nitrites have a vasodilating action and must be handled in the laboratory ...
A nitrite test is a standard component of a urinary test strip. A positive test for nitrites in the urine is called nitrituria. This test is commonly used in diagnosing urinary tract infections (UTIs). A positive nitrite test indicates that the cause of the UTI is a Gram-negative organism, most commonly Escherichia coli. The reason for nitrites ...
Note that the presence of nitrite ions will interfere with this test. [4] The overall reaction is the reduction of the nitrate ion to nitric oxide by iron(II), which is oxidised to iron(III), followed by the formation of nitrosyl ferrous sulfate between the nitric oxide and the remaining iron(II), where nitric oxide is reduced to NO −. [5]
The Griess test is an analytical chemistry test which detects the presence of nitrite ion in solution. One of its most important uses is the determination of nitrite in drinking water . The Griess diazotization reaction, on which the Griess reagent relies, was first described in 1858 by Peter Griess .
These organizations have similar, although not identical, parameters for highly purified water. Note that the European Pharmacopeia uses Highly Purified Water (HPW) as a definition for water meeting the quality of Water For Injection, without however having undergone distillation. In the laboratory context, highly purified water is used to ...
Water purification combines a number of methods to produce potable or drinking water. Downstream processing refers to purification of chemicals, pharmaceuticals and food ingredients produced by fermentation or synthesized by plant and animal tissues, for example antibiotics, citric acid, vitamin E, and insulin.
To ensure consistency and repeatability, the methods use in the chemical analysis of water samples are often agreed and published at a national or state level. By convention these are often referred to as "Blue book". [4] [5] Certain analyses are performed in-field (e.g. pH, specific conductance) while others involve sampling and laboratory ...