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The holly blue is subject to marked population cycles which appear to be caused by interactions with the parasitoid ichneumon wasp Listrodromus nycthemerus. The wasp lays an egg on a holly blue caterpillar, inserting the egg into the caterpillar's body and the adult wasp emerges from the chrysalis, killing the chrysalis before its emergence.
Listrodromus nycthemerus, the holly blue Darwin wasp, [2] is a species of ichneumon wasp belonging to the family Ichneumonidae. This species is a parasitoid , its sole host species being the holly blue butterfly ( Celastrina argiolus ).
Toggle Life cycle subsection. 3. ... the American holly azure, is a species of butterfly of the ... The wing uppersides are uniform light blue or purplish-blue ...
Celastrina ogasawaraensis also known as the Ogasawara holly blue was a species of butterfly in the family Lycaenidae.It was endemic to the Ogasawara Islands of Japan.The Ogasawara holly blue was relatively common up until the 1970s when its population began to decline, likely caused by the destruction of native plant life on the islands. [1]
The common blue butterfly or European common blue [3] (Polyommatus icarus) is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae and subfamily Polyommatinae. The butterfly is found throughout the Palearctic and has been introduced to North America. Butterflies in the Polyommatinae are collectively called blues, from the coloring of the wings.
Celastrina ladon, the spring azure or echo blue, is a butterfly of the family Lycaenidae.It is found in North America from Alaska and Canada south of the tundra, through most of the United States except the Texas coast, southern plain and peninsula Florida; south in the mountains to Colombia, also on Molokai island, Hawaii.
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Celastrina idella Wright & Pavulaan, 1999 – holly azure; Celastrina iynteana (De Nicéville, 1883) – Jyntea hedge blue; Celastrina ladon (Cramer, [1780]) – spring azure; Celastrina ladonides (De L'Orza, 1869) – silvery hedge blue; Celastrina lavendularis (Moore, 1877) – plain hedge blue; Celastrina lucia (Kirby, 1837) – Lucia azure ...