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Non-specific immunity, or innate immunity, is the immune system with which you were born, made up of phagocytes and barriers. Phagocytosis , derived from the Greek words phagein , meaning to eat, kytos or cell, and “osis” meaning process, was first described by Élie Metchnikoff , who won the Nobel Prize 100 years ago.
The innate immune system or nonspecific immune system [1] is one of the two main immunity strategies in vertebrates (the other being the adaptive immune system). The innate immune system is an alternate defense strategy and is the dominant immune system response found in plants , fungi , prokaryotes , and invertebrates (see Beyond vertebrates ).
Phagocytosis (from Ancient Greek φαγεῖν (phagein) 'to eat' and κύτος (kytos) 'cell') is the process by which a cell uses its plasma membrane to engulf a large particle (≥ 0.5 μm), giving rise to an internal compartment called the phagosome. It is one type of endocytosis. A cell that performs phagocytosis is called a phagocyte.
Innate immunity, also known as native immunity, is a semi-specific and widely distributed form of immunity. It is defined as the first line of defense against pathogens, representing a critical systemic response to prevent infection and maintain homeostasis, contributing to the activation of an adaptive immune response. [ 4 ]
In immature marsupials, because their immune system is underdeveloped at the time of birth, defensins play a major role in defense against pathogens. [citation needed] They are produced in the milk of the mother as well as by the young marsupial in question. In human breast milk, defensins play a central role in neonate immunity. [39]
“While studies suggest that there are several risk factors such as obesity, processed food, and physical inactivity, the cause, particularly in young patients without known risk factors, is unknown.
Scheme of the complement system. The complement system, also known as complement cascade, is a part of the humoral, innate immune system and enhances (complements) the ability of antibodies and phagocytic cells to clear microbes and damaged cells from an organism, promote inflammation, and attack the pathogen's cell membrane. [1]
Today's Wordle Answer for #1264 on Wednesday, December 4, 2024. Today's Wordle answer on Wednesday, December 4, 2024, is CRYPT. How'd you do? Next: Catch up on other Wordle answers from this week.