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Eukaryotic translation is the biological process by which messenger RNA is translated into proteins in eukaryotes. It consists of four phases: initiation, elongation, termination, and recapping. It consists of four phases: initiation, elongation, termination, and recapping.
9451 13666 Ensembl ENSG00000172071 ENSMUSG00000031668 UniProt Q9NZJ5 Q9Z2B5 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001313915 NM_004836 NM_010121 NM_001313918 RefSeq (protein) NP_001300844 NP_004827 NP_001300847 NP_034251 Location (UCSC) Chr 2: 88.56 – 88.69 Mb Chr 6: 70.82 – 70.88 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 3, also known as ...
The first step in initiation is formation of the pre-initiation complex, 48S PIC. The small ribosomal subunit and various eukaryotic initiation factors are recruited to the mRNA 5′ TL and to form the 48S PIC complex, which scans 5′ to 3′ along the mRNA transcript, inspecting each successive triplet for a functional start codon.
Eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) are proteins or protein complexes involved in the initiation phase of eukaryotic translation. These proteins help stabilize the formation of ribosomal preinitiation complexes around the start codon and are an important input for post-transcription gene regulation .
Overview of eukaryotic messenger RNA (mRNA) translation Translation of mRNA and ribosomal protein synthesis Initiation and elongation stages of translation involving RNA nucleobases, the ribosome, transfer RNA, and amino acids The three phases of translation: (1) in initiation, the small ribosomal subunit binds to the RNA strand and the initiator tRNA–amino acid complex binds to the start ...
Orthologs of many of the factors involved in human translation are shared by a range of eukaryotic organisms; some of which are used as model systems for the investigation of translation initiation and elongation, for example: sea urchin eggs upon fertilization, [5] rodent brain [6] and rabbit reticulocytes. [7]
Most eukaryotic cellular mRNAs are blocked at their 5'-ends with the 7-methyl-guanosine five-prime cap structure, m7GpppX (where X is any nucleotide). This structure is involved in several cellular processes including enhanced translational efficiency, splicing, mRNA stability, and RNA nuclear export. eIF4E is a eukaryotic translation initiation factor involved in directing ribosomes to the ...
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EIF5A gene. [ 5 ] It is the only known protein to contain the unusual amino acid hypusine [ N ε -(4-amino-2-hydroxybutyl)-lysine], which is synthesized on eIF5A at a specific lysine residue from the polyamine spermidine by two catalytic steps.