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  2. DNA-binding protein - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA-binding_protein

    DNA-binding proteins are proteins that have DNA-binding domains and thus have a specific or general affinity for single- or double-stranded DNA. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] Sequence-specific DNA-binding proteins generally interact with the major groove of B-DNA , because it exposes more functional groups that identify a base pair .

  3. DNA - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA

    A distinct group of DNA-binding proteins is the DNA-binding proteins that specifically bind single-stranded DNA. In humans, replication protein A is the best-understood member of this family and is used in processes where the double helix is separated, including DNA replication, recombination, and DNA repair. [123] These binding proteins seem ...

  4. DNA clamp - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_clamp

    Sliding clamps are loaded onto their associated DNA template strands by specialized proteins known as "sliding clamp loaders", which also disassemble the clamps after replication has completed. The binding sites for these initiator proteins overlap with the binding sites for the DNA polymerase, so the clamp cannot simultaneously associate with ...

  5. Histone - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histone

    In the early 1960s, before the types of histones were known and before histones were known to be highly conserved across taxonomically diverse organisms, James F. Bonner and his collaborators began a study of these proteins that were known to be tightly associated with the DNA in the nucleus of higher organisms. [117]

  6. DNA replication - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_replication

    A number of proteins are associated with the replication fork to help in the initiation and continuation of DNA synthesis. Most prominently, DNA polymerase synthesizes the new strands by adding nucleotides that complement each (template) strand.

  7. Bacterial DNA binding protein - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacterial_DNA_binding_protein

    In molecular biology, bacterial DNA binding proteins are a family of small, usually basic proteins of about 90 residues that bind DNA and are known as histone-like proteins. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Since bacterial binding proteins have a diversity of functions, it has been difficult to develop a common function for all of them.

  8. Chromatin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromatin

    The first definition allows for "chromatins" to be defined in other domains of life like bacteria and archaea, using any DNA-binding proteins that condenses the molecule. These proteins are usually referred to nucleoid-associated proteins (NAPs); examples include AsnC/LrpC with HU. In addition, some archaea do produce nucleosomes from proteins ...

  9. Replisome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Replisome

    Clamp proteins attract and tether replicative polymerases, such as DNA polymerase III, in order to extend the amount of time that a replicative polymerase stays associated with the strand. From a chemical perspective, the clamp has a slightly positive charge at its centre that is a near perfect match for the slightly negative charge of the DNA ...