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Leishmaniasis is a wide array of clinical manifestations caused by protozoal parasites of the Trypanosomatida genus Leishmania. [7] It is generally spread through the bite of phlebotomine sandflies, Phlebotomus and Lutzomyia, and occurs most frequently in the tropics and sub-tropics of Africa, Asia, the Americas, and southern Europe.
Sandfly or sand fly is a colloquial name for any species or genus of flying, biting, blood-sucking dipteran (fly) encountered in sandy areas. In the United States , sandfly may refer to certain horse flies that are also known as "greenheads" (family Tabanidae ), or to members of the family Ceratopogonidae .
Advanced Placement (AP) Psychology (also known as AP Psych) and its corresponding exam are part of the College Board's Advanced Placement Program. This course is tailored for students interested in the field of psychology and as an opportunity to earn Advanced Placement credit or exemption from a college -level psychology course.
Polygyny is where one male mates with several females in a breeding season (e.g., lions, deer, some primates, and many systems where there is an alpha male). [1] A common example of polyandrous mating can be found in the field cricket ( Gryllus bimaculatus ) of the invertebrate order Orthoptera (containing crickets, grasshoppers, and ...
Inbreeding is the production of offspring from the mating or breeding of individuals or organisms that are closely related genetically. [1] By analogy, the term is used in human reproduction , but more commonly refers to the genetic disorders and other consequences that may arise from expression of deleterious recessive traits resulting from ...
Extra-pair copulation in men has been explained as being partly due to parental investment. [7] Research has suggested [7] that copulation poses more of a risk to future investment for women, as they have the potential of becoming pregnant, and consequently require a large parental investment of the gestation period, and then further rearing of the offspring.
The theory of artificial psychology does not address the specifics of what those levels may be, but only that the level is sufficiently complex that the intelligence cannot simply be recoded by a software developer, and therefore dysfunctionality must be addressed through the same processes that humans must go through to address their own ...
The precise meaning depends upon the context. With respect to animals , the term describes which males and females mate under which circumstances. Recognised systems include monogamy , polygamy (which includes polygyny , polyandry , and polygynandry ), and promiscuity , all of which lead to different mate choice outcomes and thus these systems ...