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For example, a distance-vector routing protocol may prevent loops by the "split-horizon" rule; that is to say, if a router learns a route from a particular interface it will not re-advertise the route out the same interface.
IP forwarding algorithms in most routing software determine a route through a shortest path algorithm. In routers, packets arriving at an interface are examined for source and destination addressing and queued to the appropriate outgoing interface according to their destination address and a set of rules and performance metrics.
Example of setting up EIGRP on a Cisco IOS router for a private network. The 0.0.15.255 wildcard in this example indicates a subnetwork with a maximum of 4094 hosts—it is the bitwise complement of the subnet mask 255.255.240.0.
For example, the U flag indicates that an IP route is up. filtering criteria: Access-control lists associated with the route; interface: Such as eth0 for the first Ethernet card, eth1 for the second Ethernet card, etc. Shown below is an example of what the table above could look like on a computer connected to the internet via a home router:
Now a client on router E wants to talk to a client on router A. That means a route between router A and router E must be available. This route is calculated as follows: The immediate neighbours of router E are router C and router D. DUAL in router E asks for the reported distance (RD) from routers C and D respectively to router A.
In order to address the issues of address space and other factors, Cisco created EIGRP (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol). EIGRP adds support for VLSM (variable length subnet mask) and adds the Diffusing Update Algorithm (DUAL) in order to improve routing and provide a loopless environment. EIGRP has completely replaced IGRP, making ...
Routing protocols, according to the OSI routing framework, are layer management protocols for the network layer, regardless of their transport mechanism: IS-IS runs on the data link layer (Layer 2) Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) is encapsulated in IP, but runs only on the IPv4 subnet, while the IPv6 version runs on the link using only link ...
"More specific" means that it has a longer prefix. A /28 route, with a subnet mask of 255.255.255.240, is more specific than a /24 route, with a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0. If the route is of equal specificity to a route already in the routing table, but comes from a more preferred source of routing information, replace the route in the table.