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SIRT4 is a mitochondrial ADP-ribosyltransferase that inhibits mitochondrial glutamate dehydrogenase 1 activity, thereby downregulating insulin secretion in response to amino acids. [7] A deacetylation of malonyl-CoA decarboxylase enzyme by SIRT4 represses the enzyme activity, inhibiting fatty acid oxidation in muscle and liver cells.
SIRT3, a mitochondrial protein deacetylase, plays a role in the regulation of multiple metabolic proteins like isocitrate dehydrogenase of the TCA cycle. It also plays a role in skeletal muscle as a metabolic adaptive response. Since glutamine is a source of a-ketoglutarate used to replenish the TCA cycle, SIRT4 is involved in glutamine metabolism.
S-Aminoethyl-l-cysteine, also known as thialysine, is a toxic analog of the amino acid lysine in which the second carbon of the amino acid's R-group (side chain) has been replaced with a sulfur atom. Strictly speaking, L-thialysine is actually considered an S-(2-aminoethyl) analogue of L-cysteine.
The enzyme cytochrome c oxidase or Complex IV (was EC 1.9.3.1, now reclassified as a translocase EC 7.1.1.9) is a large transmembrane protein complex found in ...
Mono-N-protected amino acid (MPAA) is a bifunctional ligand that plays a key role in C–H functionalizations by accelerating the reaction rate and imparting specified chirality into the product. [1] Amino acids are ideal building blocks for chiral ligand synthesis due to the cost, accessibility, large variety, solubility, and inherent ...
SIRT3 is a soluble protein located in the mitochondrial matrix, and contains a mitochondrial processing peptide at the N-terminus.A set of crystal structures of human SIRT3 have been solved, including an apo-structure with no substrate, a structure with a peptide containing acetyl lysine of its natural substrate acetyl-CoA synthetase 2, a reaction intermediate structure trapped by a thioacetyl ...
Lanthionine is a nonproteinogenic amino acid with the chemical formula (HOOC-CH(NH 2)-CH 2-S-CH 2-CH(NH 2)-COOH). It is typically formed by a cysteine residue and a dehydrated serine residue. Despite its name, lanthionine does not contain the element lanthanum .
The term N cap (N-cap, Ncap) describes an amino acid in a particular position within a protein or polypeptide. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] The N cap residue of an alpha ...