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A common example is the conversion of a sound wave to a sequence of "samples". A sample is a value of the signal at a point in time and/or space; this definition differs from the term's usage in statistics, which refers to a set of such values. [A]
Any bandlimited baseband signal whose amplitude is within ±0.637 can be represented by a PWM waveform of unit amplitude (±1). The number of pulses in the waveform is equal to the number of Nyquist samples and the peak constraint is independent of whether the waveform is two-level or three-level.
Adaptive differential pulse-code modulation (ADPCM) is a variant of differential pulse-code modulation (DPCM) that varies the size of the quantization step, to allow further reduction of the required data bandwidth for a given signal-to-noise ratio.
Rather than quantizing the value of the input analog waveform, delta modulation quantizes the difference between the input signal and the integral of all previous quantization steps. This quantized signal effectively represents the derivative of the input signal, [ 1 ] [ 2 ] so the original signal is recovered by integration, as shown in the ...
The result so obtained is the convolution of a rectangular pulse with step size W with the impulses located at the sampling instants with weights equal to the sample values. [ 12 ] : 12 In consequence, the spectrum of interest will have superimposed upon it the frequency response of the sample and hold, [ 13 ] : 135 [ 14 ] : 36 and the spectrum ...
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Pulse-density modulation, or PDM, is a form of modulation used to represent an analog signal with a binary signal.In a PDM signal, specific amplitude values are not encoded into codewords of pulses of different weight as they would be in pulse-code modulation (PCM); rather, the relative density of the pulses corresponds to the analog signal's amplitude.
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