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The nitrite ion has the chemical formula NO − 2. Nitrite (mostly sodium nitrite) is widely used throughout chemical and pharmaceutical industries. [1] The nitrite anion is a pervasive intermediate in the nitrogen cycle in nature. The name nitrite also refers to organic compounds having the –ONO group, which are esters of nitrous acid.
A common nitrate test, known as the brown ring test [2] can be performed by adding iron(II) sulfate to a solution of a nitrate, then slowly adding concentrated sulfuric acid such that the acid forms a layer below the aqueous solution. A brown ring will form at the junction of the two layers, indicating the presence of the nitrate ion. [3]
In chemistry, hyponitrite may refer to the anion N 2 O 2− 2 ([ON=NO] 2−), or to any ionic compound that contains it. In organic chemistry, it may also refer to the group −O−N=N−O−, or any organic compound with the generic formula R 1 −O−N=N−O−R 2, where R 1 and R 2 are organic groups. [1]
The Griess test is an analytical chemistry test which detects the presence of nitrite ion in solution. One of its most important uses is the determination of nitrite in drinking water . The Griess diazotization reaction, on which the Griess reagent relies, was first described in 1858 by Peter Griess .
Potassium nitrite (distinct from potassium nitrate) is the inorganic compound with the chemical formula K N O 2. It is an ionic salt of potassium ions K + and nitrite ions NO 2 − , which forms a white or slightly yellow, hygroscopic crystalline powder that is soluble in water.
The nitrate ion with the partial charges shown. The nitrate anion is the conjugate base of nitric acid, consisting of one central nitrogen atom surrounded by three identically bonded oxygen atoms in a trigonal planar arrangement. The nitrate ion carries a formal charge of −1.
A simple nitrite test can be performed by adding 4 M sulfuric acid to the sample until acidic, and then adding 0.1 M iron(II) sulfate to the solution. A positive test for nitrite is indicated by a dark brown solution, arising from the iron-nitric oxide complex ion.
Sodium hyponitrite is a solid ionic compound with formula Na 2 N 2 O 2 or (Na +) 2 [ON=NO] 2−. [1]There are cis and trans forms of the hyponitrite ion N 2 O 2− 2.The trans form is more common, but the cis form can be obtained too, and it is more reactive than the trans form.