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Zygnema is a genus of freshwater filamentous thalloid alga comprising about 100 species. [4] A terrestrial species, Z. terrestre, is known from India.Zygnema grows as a free-floating mass of filaments, although young plants may be found anchored to streambeds with a holdfast.
The plant body is a gametophyte.It consists of the main axis (differentiated into nodes and internodes), dimorphic branches (long branch of unlimited growth and short branches of limited growth), rhizoids (multicellular with oblique septa) and stipulodes (needle-shaped structures at the base of secondary laterals).
Micrasterias displays a bilateral symmetry, with two mirror image semi-cells joined by a narrow isthmus containing the nucleus of the organism. This dual semi-cell structure is unique to the group of green algae to which Micrasterias belongs. Each semi-cell contains a single large chloroplast, the site of photosynthesis for Micrasterias.
Desmodesmus species usually produce colonies of more than one cell, but single cells (unicells) may be found as well. [5] These single cells may be confused with Lagerheimia, a genus of single-celled algae. [6] The cell wall of Desmodesmus consists of an outer layer with a net-like structure, with "rosettes" of tubes underneath. [7]
Asexual: binary fission from a partitioned parent cell. Sexual: Conjugation to form a hypnozygote. The Closterium peracerosum-strigosum-littorale (C. psl) complex is a unicellular, isogamous charophycean alga cells that is the closest unicellular relative to land plants. These algae are capable of forming two types of dormant diploid zygospores.
Mougeotia is a genus of filamentous charophyte green algae of the order Zygnematales. It is a common component of freshwater aquatic habitats around the world. [ 2 ] Described in 1824 by Carl Adolph Agardh , [ 1 ] its name honors the French botanist Jean-Baptiste Mougeot .
Ulothrix is a genus of green algae in the family Ulotrichaceae. [1] Ulothrix is a genus of non-branching filamentous green algae, generally found in fresh and marine water. Its cells are normally as broad as they are long, and they thrive in the low temperatures of spring and winter. They become attached to surfaces by a modified holdfast cell.
Cell sap (contained by the central vacuole) is made up of inorganic compounds, excretions and secretions. Between the innermost cell wall and the central vacuole is a thin layer known as the protoplast. The single nucleus is large, oval shaped, and sits in the centre of the cell, usually touching the membrane and internal to the chloroplast.