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Neonatal conjunctivitis is a form of conjunctivitis (inflammation of the outer eye) which affects newborn babies following birth. It is typically due to neonatal bacterial infection , although it can also be non-infectious (e.g. chemical exposure). [ 1 ]
Maternal risk factors for neonatal infection include: Chorioamnionitis - acute inflammation of amniotic fluid and fetal membranes during pregnancy, usually caused by polymicrobial bacterial infection. Signs of infection include maternal fever, vaginal discharge, tender uterus or pain with urination.
Neonatal HSV-2 maternal risk factors: Black race, [14] young maternal age (<21), [8] [10] a discordant partner, primary or non-primary first episode infection in the third trimester, [15] four or more lifetime sexual partners, [14] lower level of education, [14] history of previous STD, history of pregnancy wastage, first viable pregnancy, and ...
Many inflammatory factors have been detected in erythema toxicum neonatorum lesions, including IL-1alpha, IL-1beta, IL-8, and eotaxin. [5] [4] These molecules cause redness and swelling in the skin and attract immune cells. [10] Eosinophils and other immune cells are found in the upper layer of the skin in erythema toxicum neonatorum lesions.
Conjunctivitis is the most common eye disease. [45] Rates of disease is related to the underlying cause which varies by the age as well as the time of year. Acute conjunctivitis is most frequently found in infants, school-age children and the elderly. [18] The most common cause of infectious conjunctivitis is viral conjunctivitis. [26]
Other causes include blunt or penetrating trauma to the eye. Risk factors include hypertension, diabetes, old age, and blood thinners. Subconjunctival bleeding occurs in about 2% of newborns following a vaginal delivery. The blood accumulates between the conjunctiva and the episclera. Diagnosis is generally based on the appearance of the ...
Credé procedure is the practice of washing a newborn's eyes with a 2% silver nitrate solution to protect against neonatal conjunctivitis caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae. [1] The Credé procedure was developed by the German physician Carl Siegmund Franz Credé who implemented it in his hospital in Leipzig in 1880. [2]
Testing for neonatal sepsis is done because of how little it physically presents itself in babies. Infants showing no signs of neonatal sepsis will have a sepsis workup done only if concerning factors are shown. Only a small percentage of infants will have a sepsis workup done. Of this small population only 3% to 8% will show positive cultures ...