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  2. 3D projection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3D_projection

    A 3D projection (or graphical projection) is a design technique used to display a three-dimensional (3D) object on a two-dimensional (2D) surface. These projections rely on visual perspective and aspect analysis to project a complex object for viewing capability on a simpler plane.

  3. Collinearity equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collinearity_equation

    The equations originate from the central projection of a point of the object through the optical centre of the camera to the image on the sensor plane. [1] The three points P, Q and R are projected on the plane S through the projection centre C x- and z-axis of the projection of P through the projection centre C

  4. Camera matrix - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camera_matrix

    The camera matrix derived in the previous section has a null space which is spanned by the vector = This is also the homogeneous representation of the 3D point which has coordinates (0,0,0), that is, the "camera center" (aka the entrance pupil; the position of the pinhole of a pinhole camera) is at O.

  5. Triangulation (computer vision) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triangulation_(computer...

    In computer vision, triangulation refers to the process of determining a point in 3D space given its projections onto two, or more, images. In order to solve this problem it is necessary to know the parameters of the camera projection function from 3D to 2D for the cameras involved, in the simplest case represented by the camera matrices.

  6. Pinhole camera model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinhole_camera_model

    The mapping from 3D coordinates of points in space to 2D image coordinates can also be represented in homogeneous coordinates. Let x {\displaystyle \mathbf {x} } be a representation of a 3D point in homogeneous coordinates (a 4-dimensional vector), and let y {\displaystyle \mathbf {y} } be a representation of the image of this point in the ...

  7. UV mapping - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UV_mapping

    UV mapping is the 3D modeling process of projecting a 3D model's surface to a 2D image for texture mapping. The letters "U" and "V" denote the axes of the 2D texture because "X", "Y", and "Z" are already used to denote the axes of the 3D object in model space, while "W" (in addition to XYZ) is used in calculating quaternion rotations, a common ...

  8. Vector projection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vector_projection

    The vector projection (also known as the vector component or vector resolution) of a vector a on (or onto) a nonzero vector b is the orthogonal projection of a onto a straight line parallel to b. The projection of a onto b is often written as proj b ⁡ a {\displaystyle \operatorname {proj} _{\mathbf {b} }\mathbf {a} } or a ∥ b .

  9. Stereographic projection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereographic_projection

    Stereographic projection of the unit sphere from the north pole onto the plane z = 0, shown here in cross section. The unit sphere S 2 in three-dimensional space R 3 is the set of points (x, y, z) such that x 2 + y 2 + z 2 = 1.