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Motor vehicle type approval is the method by which motor vehicles, vehicle trailers and systems, components and separate technical units intended for such vehicles achieve type approval in the European Union (EU) or in other UN-ECE member states. There is no EU approval body: authorized approval bodies of member states are responsible for type ...
The WLTP replaces the old NEDC as the European homologation lab-bench procedure, which was established in the 1980s to simulate urban driving conditions for a passenger car. [8] In 1992 the NEDC was updated to also include a non-urban path (characterized by medium to high speeds), and finally in 1997 CO 2 emission figures were added, too. [9]
This directive aims at the clarification of the type approval procedure for motor vehicles, separate technical units (i.e., trailers), and components. It simplifies the documentation, designates the type approval number of a separate technical unit by a certificate of conformity, and defines the vehicles, individual technical units, and components.
The grey market reached 66,900 vehicles imported by individual consumers in 1985, and altered to meet U.S. design regulations. [15] It is no longer possible to import a vehicle into the United States as a personal import, with four exceptions, none of which permits Americans to buy recent vehicles not officially available in the United States. [16]
62, power-driven vehicles with handlebars with regard to their protection against unauthorized use; 64, vehicles with regard to their equipment which may include: a temporary use spare unit, run flat tyres and/or a run flat system and/or extended mobility tyres; 66, large passenger vehicles with regard to the strength of their superstructure
Example of a white oval plate or sticker; this one represents Switzerland A 1960 Borgward Isabella showing the international vehicle code NL (Netherlands) Estonian registration plate in EU standard format with international code EST Indian vehicle registration plate in Indian standard format with international code IND Brazilian vehicle registration plate in Mercosur standard format with ...
A complete number is referred to as a European Vehicle Number [3] and comprises 12 digits as originally outlined in UIC Code of Practice 438-3, Identification marking for tractive stock. Digits 1–2 are the type code, 3–4 the country of origin (where the vehicle is registered), 5–11 are defined by the country concerned, 12 is the check ...
Part 4: Requirements and test procedures for aerodynamics on open track; Part 5: Requirements and test procedures for aerodynamics in tunnels; Part 6: Requirements and test procedures for cross wind assessment; EN 14081: Timber structures - Strength graded structural timber with rectangular cross section Part 1: General requirements