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In aqueous solution, ammonia deprotonates a small fraction of the water to give ammonium and hydroxide according to the following equilibrium: . NH 3 + H 2 O ⇌ NH + 4 + OH −.. In a 1 M ammonia solution, about 0.42% of the ammonia is converted to ammonium, equivalent to pH = 11.63 because [NH +
Buffer capacity falls to 33% of the maximum value at pH = pK a ± 1, to 10% at pH = pK a ± 1.5 and to 1% at pH = pK a ± 2. For this reason the most useful range is approximately pK a ± 1. When choosing a buffer for use at a specific pH, it should have a pK a value as close as possible to that pH. [2]
Bond length: 101.2 pm (N–H) [1] ... Vapor-pressure formula for ammonia: [4] log 10 P = A – B / ... Heat capacity of anhydrous liquid ammonia.
Ammonium chloride is an inorganic chemical compound with the chemical formula N H 4 Cl, also written as [NH 4]Cl. It is an ammonium salt of hydrogen chloride. It consists of ammonium cations [NH 4] + and chloride anions Cl −. It is a white crystalline salt that is highly soluble in water. Solutions of ammonium chloride are mildly acidic.
added a section on buffer capacity; added simple and universal buffer mixtures; added four significant references; The applications section does not, at present, do the topic justice, I don't have the time to do this. See acid dissociation constant for some other applications, with references. Petergans 18:47, 27 August 2008 (UTC)
First, a simple formula to find your zone 2 heart rate: Subtract your age from the number 180. Here’s what you need to calculate your personal target heart rate zones: Maximum Heart Rate .
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The Henderson–Hasselbalch equation can be used to estimate the pH of a buffer solution by approximating the actual concentration ratio as the ratio of the analytical concentrations of the acid and of a salt, MA. The equation can also be applied to bases by specifying the protonated form of the base as the acid.