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In East Asia, reclamation of coastal wetlands has resulted in widespread transformation of the coastal zone, and up to 65% of coastal wetlands have been destroyed by coastal development. [ 64 ] [ 65 ] One analysis using the impact of hurricanes versus storm protection provided naturally by wetlands projected the value of this service at US ...
Atchafalaya Basin. The wetlands of Louisiana are water-saturated coastal and swamp regions of southern Louisiana, often called "Bayou".. The Louisiana coastal zone stretches from the border of Texas to the Mississippi line [1] and comprises two wetland-dominated ecosystems, the Deltaic Plain of the Mississippi River (unit 1, 2, and 3) and the closely linked Chenier Plain (unit 4). [2]
Wetland vary widely in their salinity levels, climate zones, and surrounding geography and play a crucial role in maintaining biodiversity, ecosystem services, and support human communities. [1] Wetlands cover at least six percent of the Earth and have become a focal issue for conservation due to the ecosystem services they provide.
A single acre of wetlands in the Everglades can absorb upwards of 1.5 million gallons of stormwater, protecting surrounding areas from flooding and retaining water during droughts.
Coastal wetlands also reduce pollution from human waste, [41] [42] remove excess nutrients from the water column, [43] trap pollutants, [44] and sequester carbon. [45] Further, near-shore wetlands act as both essential nursery habitats and feeding grounds for game fish , supporting a diverse group of economically important species.
Wetlands generally include swamps, marshes, bogs, and similar areas." [1] [2] [3] Wetlands can be valued in terms of their contributions to ecological, economic and social systems. Wetlands service these systems through multiple processes including water filtration, water storage and biological productivity. [4]
Wetlands play a significant role in the diets of many people all over the world. Wetlands are home to over 100,000 biodiverse species of plants, animals, and bacteria. Wetlands are crucial to for the development of society, as they account for more than a billion services and jobs a year, which is valued at $47 billion worldwide.
As the wetlands disappear, more and more people are leaving wetland areas. [27] Since the coastal wetlands support an economically important coastal fishery, the loss of wetlands is adversely affecting this industry. Another consequence of coastal erosion is the loss of sandbars off the coast of Louisiana.