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Bovids range in size from the 38 cm (15 in) long royal antelope to the 3.3 m (11 ft) long gaur, which can reach 1,500 kg (3,300 lb) in weight. [1] Over a billion each of domesticated sheep , cattle , and goats , and over 200 million domesticated water buffalo , 14 million domestic yak , and 300,000 domesticated gayal are used in farming worldwide.
Bovids use different forms of vocal, olfactory, and tangible communication. These involve varied postures of neck, head, horns, hair, legs, and ears to convey sexual excitement, emotional state, or alarm. One such expression is the flehmen response. Bovids usually stand motionless, with the head high and an intent stare, when they sense danger.
Bovids are used as draft animals and as riding animals. Small breeds of domestic bovid, such as the Miniature Zebu , are kept as pets. Bovid leather is durable and flexible and is used to produce a wide range of goods including clothing and bags .
More than 95.8% of the world population of water buffaloes are kept in Asia, including both the river-type and the swamp-type. [22] The water buffalo population in India numbered over 97.9 million head in 2003, representing 56.5% of the world population.
Prehistoric bovids (1 C, 80 P) Pages in category "Bovidae" The following 18 pages are in this category, out of 18 total. This list may not reflect recent changes. ...
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The unique horn structure is the only unambiguous morphological feature of bovids that distinguishes them from other pecorans. [ 56 ] [ 57 ] Male horn development has been linked to sexual selection, [ 58 ] [ 59 ] while the presence of horns in females is likely due to natural selection.
Below is the listing of species recognized by Groves and Grubb (2011) [4] with species names following Castelló (2016) from Bovids of the World: [7] Subtribe Bovina (Gray, 1821) Genus Bos (Linnaeus, 1758) Bos javanicus (d'Alton, 1823) – Banteng; Bos sauveli (Urbain, 1937) – Kouprey; Bos gaurus (Hamilton-Smith, 1827) – Gaur; Bos frontalis ...