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Semantic similarity is a metric defined over a set of documents or terms, where the idea of distance between items is based on the likeness of their meaning or semantic content [citation needed] as opposed to lexicographical similarity. These are mathematical tools used to estimate the strength of the semantic relationship between units of ...
Semantic search denotes search with meaning, as distinguished from lexical search where the search engine looks for literal matches of the query words or variants of ...
A semantic similarity network (SSN) is a special form of semantic network. [ 1 ] designed to represent concepts and their semantic similarity. Its main contribution is reducing the complexity of calculating semantic distances.
Similarity search is the most general term used for a range of mechanisms which share the principle of searching (typically very large) spaces of objects where the only available comparator is the similarity between any pair of objects. This is becoming increasingly important in an age of large information repositories where the objects ...
Distributional semantic models have been applied successfully to the following tasks: finding semantic similarity between words and multi-word expressions; word clustering based on semantic similarity; automatic creation of thesauri and bilingual dictionaries; word sense disambiguation; expanding search requests using synonyms and associations;
The normalized Google distance (NGD) is a semantic similarity measure derived from the number of hits returned by the Google search engine for a given set of keywords. [1] Keywords with the same or similar meanings in a natural language sense tend to be "close" in units of normalized Google distance, while words with dissimilar meanings tend to ...
Like bibliographic coupling, co-citation is a semantic similarity measure for documents that makes use of citation analyses. The figure to the right illustrates the concept of co-citation and a more recent variation of co-citation which accounts for the placement of citations in the full text of documents.
In particular, words which appear in similar contexts are mapped to vectors which are nearby as measured by cosine similarity. This indicates the level of semantic similarity between the words, so for example the vectors for walk and ran are nearby, as are those for "but" and "however", and "Berlin" and "Germany".