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As of 2013, an estimated 75% of 700 million dogs worldwide were free to roam and reproduce, resulting in overpopulation, high mortality rates and poor health. [1] The main management approach is surgical sterilization, i.e. the removal of testes or ovaries, often performed through trap-neuter-return strategies. [2]
Gene dosage is the number of copies of a particular gene present in a genome. [1] Gene dosage is related to the amount of gene product (proteins or functional RNAs) the cell is able to express. Since a gene acts as a template, the number of templates in the cell contributes to the amount of gene product able to be produced.
In genetics, the gene density of an organism's genome is the ratio of the number of genes per number of base pairs, usually written in terms of a million base pairs, or megabase (Mb). The human genome has a gene density of 11-15 genes/Mb, while the genome of the C. elegans roundworm is estimated to have 200.
Etranacogene dezaparvovec, sold under the brand name Hemgenix is a gene therapy used for the treatment of hemophilia B. [5] [6] [7] Etranacogene dezaparvovec is an adeno-associated virus vector-based gene therapy which consists of a viral vector carrying a gene for clotting Factor IX. [7]
Forever Friends, a spin-out company from Oxford University, hopes to dramatically expand the lifespan of dogs using new gene-editing technology. This startup wants to use gene-editing to extend ...
The AMY1 gene is an excellent example of how gene dosage affects the survival of an organism in a given environment. The multiple copies of the AMY1 gene give those who rely more heavily on high starch diets an evolutionary advantage, therefore the high gene copy number persists in the population.
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The dog leukocyte antigen (DLA) is a part of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in dogs, encoding genes in the MHC. The DLA and MHC system are interchangeable terms in canines. The MHC plays a critical role in the immune response system and consists of three regions: class I, class II and class III.