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The estrous cycle (also spelled oestrous) controls when a mare is sexually receptive toward a stallion, and helps to physically prepare the mare for conception. It generally occurs during the spring and summer months, although some mares may be sexually receptive into the late fall, and is controlled by the photoperiod (length of the day), the ...
The estrous cycle (from Latin oestrus 'frenzy', originally from Ancient Greek οἶστρος (oîstros) 'gadfly') is a set of recurring physiological changes induced by reproductive hormones in females of mammalian subclass Theria. [1]
Vaginal cytology is a microscopic examination of cells from the vaginal epithelium.In veterinary medicine, it helps differentiate the stages of the mammalian estrous cycle because the vaginal epithelium changes in response to sex hormone levels; practically, it is used to distinguish when a female canine is at a particular point in the estrous cycle. [1]
Equine chorionic gonadotropin (acronym given as eCG but not to be confused with ECG) is a gonadotropic hormone produced in the chorion of pregnant mares.Previously referred to as pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin (PMSG), the hormone is commonly used in concert with progestogen to induce ovulation in livestock prior to artificial insemination.
A mare is an adult female horse or other equine. [1] In most cases, a mare is a female horse over the age of three, and a filly is a female horse three and younger. In Thoroughbred horse racing , a mare is defined as a female horse more than four years old.
At other times of the year, they will be anestrus, or have a dearth of their sexual cycle. Unlike reproductive cyclicity, seasonality is described in both males and females. [citation needed] Male seasonal breeders may exhibit changes in testosterone levels, testes weight, and fertility depending on the time of year. [2]
[1] [2] Ovulation can be induced by externally-derived stimuli during or before mating, such as sperm, pheromones, or mechanical stimulation during copulation. Ovulation occurs at the ovary surface and is described as the process in which an oocyte (female germ cell) is released from the follicle.
The term “estrus” refers to the phase of the estrous cycle in which a sexually mature, non-pregnant female is receptive to sexual advances from the male³. Ovulation occurs at approximately this time. [1] Estrous synchronisation is the process of targeting female mammals to come to heat within a short time frame (36 to 96 hours).