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[7] [8] This form of politics has been criticized as tending to mischaracterize positions that have a logical location on a two-axis spectrum because they seem randomly brought together on a one-axis left–right spectrum. Some political scientists have noted that a single left–right axis is too simplistic and insufficient for describing the ...
The left–right political spectrum is a system of classifying political positions, ideologies and parties, with emphasis placed upon issues of social equality and social hierarchy. In addition to positions on the left and on the right, there are centrist and moderate positions, which are not strongly aligned with either end of the spectrum.
The claim that political positions can be located on a chart with two axes: left–right and tough–tender (authoritarian-libertarian) was put forward by the British psychologist Hans Eysenck in his 1954 book The Psychology of Politics with statistical evidence based on survey data. [1]
Proponents of horseshoe theory argue that the far-left and the far-right are closer to each other than either is to the political center. In popular discourse, the horseshoe theory asserts that advocates of the far-left and the far-right, rather than being at opposite and opposing ends of a linear continuum of the political spectrum, closely resemble each other, analogous to the way that the ...
[3] In The Journal of Politics, Mark F. Griffith wrote that Left and Right succeeds at reminding readers of the usefulness of the left-right dichotomy, but must be understood in its context of Italian party politics, published at a time when it looked like the left had failed. Griffith wrote that Bobbio "compares a more moderate left-wing set ...
The left–right paradigm is a concept from political sciences and anthropology which proposes that societies have a tendency to divide themselves into ideological opposites. Important contributions to the theory of the paradigm were made by British social anthropologist Rodney Needham , who saw it as a basic human classifying device.
Although libertarianism originated as a form of anarchist or left-wing politics, [69] [70] the development in the mid-20th century of modern libertarianism in the United States resulted in libertarianism's being commonly associated with right-wing politics, as well as viewed by many as neither left- nor right-wing, but an independent pro ...
While the traditional political "left-right" spectrum is a line, the Nolan Chart, created by David Nolan, is a plane, situating libertarianism in a wider gamut of political thought. Nolan pictured with his eponymous chart at the 1996 Libertarian National Convention