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The term can also be a verb meaning "to discuss in an assembly". [1] An iwi (tribe) can have one governing rūnanga and many sub rūnanga. In such cases it can be used to mean the subdivision of a tribe governed by that council. [2] It is also used for non tribal affiliations as with the CTU Runanga a sub union for Māori workers. [3]
Te Rūnanga o te Whānau represents Te Whānau a Apanui during resource consent applications under the Resource Management Act, but forwards each application on to the directly affected hapū. It is based on Te Kaha , and governed by representatives from at least ten hapū.
Ngāpuhi, like most iwi, trace their pre-history back to the land of Hawaiki, most likely from Raiatea.The name Ngāpuhi has many stories about its origin, [a] but the most commonly known version is related to a story of an ariki in Hawaiki who lived many generations before Kupe, known as Kareroaiki.
Runanga may refer to: Rūnanga, a traditional Māori assembly or tribal gathering; Rūnanga, the governing council or administrative group of a Māori Hapū or Iwi; Rūnanga, a Maori (language) translation of board of directors or council; Runanga, New Zealand, a small town on the West Coast of New Zealand's South Island; Runanga (crater)
The name Taumatawhakatangihangakoauauotamateaturipukakapikimaungahoronukupokaiwhenuakitanatahu translates roughly as "the summit where Tamatea, the man with the big knees, the slider, climber of mountains, the land-swallower who travelled about, played his kōauau (flute) to his loved one". [3]
Consequently, Te Runanga Nui o Nga Kura Kaupapa Māori o Aotearoa, commonly known as Te Runanga Nui, was established in 1993 at Kawhaiki marae on the Whanganui river. At the hui Pita Sharples became the inaugural Tumuaki (president) of Te Runanga Nui. Te Runanga Nui is the national collective body of kura kaupapa Māori Te Aho Matua communities.
From the late 18th century Ngāti Toa and related tribes constantly warred with the Waikato–Maniapoto tribes for control of the rich fertile land north of Kāwhia. The wars intensified with every killing of a major chief and with each insult and slight suffered, peaking with the huge battle of Hingakaka in the late 18th or early 19th century, in which Ngāti Toa and their allies were routed.
Native Hawaiian culture underwent a renaissance beginning in the 1970s. It was in part triggered by the 1978 Hawaiʻi State Constitutional Convention, held 200 years after the arrival of Captain Cook. At the convention, state government committed itself to the study and preservation of Hawaiian culture, history, and language.