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The women of Salerno, also referred to as the ladies of Salerno and the Salernitan women (Latin: mulieres Salernitanae), were a group of women physicians who studied in medieval Italy, at the Schola Medica Salernitana, one of the first medical schools to allow women. A miniature depicting the Schola Medica Salernitana from a copy of Avicenna's ...
Medieval physicians used various forms of treatment to try to fix any physical problems that were causing mental disorders in their patients. When the cause of the disorder being examined was believed to be caused by an imbalance of the four humors, doctors attempted to rebalance the body.
First, both women were renowned for their authority on certain medical subjects during and after their time. Later, specifically the Renaissance and the modern period , their works were studied by historians, philologists, and physicians, who often questioned the legitimacy of or contributed to the erasure of their authorship or medical knowledge.
Midwives were involved with births from all social classes to various degrees. The poorest women were typically helped by the women in their family and their neighbors rather than the midwives from the towns. In towns, government compensated midwives with "tax exempt status or a small pension" for their service within the community. [3]
In the school, besides the teaching of medicine (in which women too were involved, as both teachers and students), there were courses of philosophy, theology, and law. The most famous female doctor and medical author at the school is Trota or Trotula de Ruggiero, who is accredited with several books on gynaecology and cosmetics, collectively ...
Early Modern Europe marked a period of transition within the medical world. Universities for doctors were becoming more common and standardized training was becoming a requirement. [1] During this time, a few universities were beginning to train women as midwives, [2] but rhetoric against women healers was increasing. [1]
Franz Anton Maulbertsch's The Quack (c. 1785) shows barber surgeons at work. Bloodletting set of a barber surgeon, beginning of 19th century, Märkisches Museum Berlin. The barber surgeon was one of the most common European medical practitioners of the Middle Ages, generally charged with caring for soldiers during and after battle.
Help. This is a non-diffusing subcategory of Category:Medieval physicians. It includes physicians that can also be found in the parent category, or in diffusing ...