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The success of H. pylori cure depends on the type and duration of therapy, patient compliance and bacterial factors such as antibiotic resistance. Patients most often fail to respond to initial H. pylori eradication therapy because of noncompliance or antibiotic resistance. Patients should be queried about any side effects, missed doses, and ...
Helicobacter pylori is a species of gram-negative bacteria in the Helicobacter genus. [23] About half the world's population is infected with H. pylori but only a few strains are pathogenic. H pylori is a helical bacterium having a predominantly helical shape, also often described as having a spiral or S shape.
Helicobacter pylori was identified in 1982 by two Australian scientists, Robin Warren and Barry J. Marshall, as a causative factor for ulcers. [43] In their original paper, Warren and Marshall contended that most gastric ulcers and gastritis were caused by colonization with this bacterium, not by stress or spicy food , as had been assumed before.
Gastritis caused by H. pylori infection is termed Helicobacter pylori induced gastritis, and listed as a disease in ICD11. [6] [7] More than 80% of individuals infected with the bacterium are asymptomatic and it has been postulated that it may play an important role in the natural stomach ecology. [17]
Helicobacter heilmannii s.s. (H. heilmannii s.s.) is a species within the Helicobacter genus of Gram negative bacteria. [1] Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is by far the best known Helicobacter species primarily because humans infected with it may develop gastrointestinal tract diseases such as stomach inflammation, stomach ulcers, duodenal ulcers, stomach cancers of the non-lymphoma type, and ...
The role of H. pylori in functional dyspepsia is controversial, and treatment for H. pylori may not lead to complete improvement of a patient's dyspepsia. [6] However, a recent systemic review and meta-analysis of 29 studies published in 2022 suggests that successful treatment of H. pylori modestly improves indigestion symptoms. [18]
These infections can include Helicobacter pylori due to this species not favouring an acid environment, leading to an increased risk of ulcers and gastric cancer risk in genetically susceptible patients. [50] PPI use in people who have received attempted H. pylori eradication may also be associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer. [51]
Treatment of the condition depends upon the underlying cause; it can involve antibiotic treatment when Helicobacter pylori is related to an ulcer, [1] endoscopic therapies (such as dilation of the obstruction with balloons or the placement of self-expandable metallic stents), other medical therapies, or surgery to resolve the obstruction.