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Quantum game theory is an extension of classical game theory to the quantum domain. It differs from classical game theory in three primary ways: Superposed initial states, Quantum entanglement of initial states, Superposition of strategies to be used on the initial states. This theory is based on the physics of information much like quantum ...
In contrast, in classic game theory, even complex games are treated as single, monolithic objects. This makes the analysis of games hard to scale. Compositional game theory (CGT) aims to apply the modularity principle to game theory. The main motivation is to make it easier to analyze large games using software tools.
Game theory has come to play an increasingly important role in logic and in computer science. Several logical theories have a basis in game semantics. In addition, computer scientists have used games to model interactive computations. Also, game theory provides a theoretical basis to the field of multi-agent systems. [124]
In game theory, a subgame is any part (a subset) of a game that meets the following criteria (the following terms allude to a game described in extensive form): [1]. It has a single initial node that is the only member of that node's information set (i.e. the initial node is in a singleton information set).
In game theory, a solution concept is a formal rule for predicting how a game will be played. These predictions are called "solutions", and describe which strategies will be adopted by players and, therefore, the result of the game. The most commonly used solution concepts are equilibrium concepts, most famously Nash equilibrium.
A weighted voting game can be represented by only n+1 values: a weight for each player, and the threshold. In a weighted voting game, the core can be computed in time polynomial in n. In contrast, the least-core is NP-hard, but has a pseudopolynomial time algorithm - an algorithm polynomial in n and the maximum weight W. [3]
In game theory and related fields, a game form, game frame, ruleset, or outcome function is the set of rules that govern a game and determine its outcome based on each player's choices. A game form differs from a game in that it does not stipulate the utilities or payoffs for each agent.
A simple magic square game demonstrating nonclassical correlations was introduced by P. K. Aravind [3] based on a series of papers by N. David Mermin [4] [5] and Asher Peres [6] and Adán Cabello [7] [8] that developed simplifying demonstrations of Bell's theorem. The game has been reformulated to demonstrate quantum pseudo-telepathy. [9]