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The origins of the Islamic State group can be traced back to three main organizations. Earliest of these was the " Jamāʻat al-Tawḥīd wa-al-Jihād " ( transl. "The Organisation of Monotheism and Jihad" ) organization, founded by the Jihadist leader Abu Mus'ab al-Zarqawi in Jordan in 1999.
On 7 June 2017, ISIL claimed responsibility for an attack on the Iranian Parliament and the mausoleum of Ayatollah Khomeini. [20] The attack was confirmed to have left 16 dead and was the first instance of an ISIL attack within Iran's borders. There are worries about the implications of this attack on President Hassan Rouhani's "moderation ...
A day later, Al-Qaeda's general command issued a public statement condemning the attacks and officially terminating all relations with the ISIL group. [26] [17] In March 2014, ISIL and Al-Nusra Front fought the Battle of Markada. In parallel, ISIL initiated ground assaults across Deir ez-Zor countryside, which were repelled by Al-Nusra Front ...
The first Islamic State was the political entity established by Muhammad in Medina in 622 CE under the Constitution of Medina. It represented the political unity of the Muslim Ummah (nation). It was subsequently transformed into the caliphate by Muhammad's disciples, who were known as the Rightly Guided ( Rashidun ) Caliphs (632–661 CE).
The Iraqi invasion of Iran in September 1980 was preceded by a long period of tension between the two countries throughout 1979 and 1980, including frequent border skirmishes, calls by Iranian leader Ruhollah Khomeini for the Shia Muslims in Iraq to revolt against the ruling Sunni Ba'ath Party, and allegations of Iraqi support for ethnic separatists in Iran.
The eight-year-long Iran–Iraq War (September 1980 – August 1988, known as The Imposed War in Iran [99]) was the most important international event for the first decade of the Islamic Republic and possibly for its history so far. It helped to strengthen the revolution although it cost Iran much in lives and treasure.
By 2020, Airwars had recorded a five-year total of 14,771 US-led Coalition strikes in Iraq and 19,829 in Syria and investigated 2,921 alleged civilian casualty incidents, estimating 8,259–13,135 civilian deaths, of whom around 2,000 were children, although the Coalition itself estimated just 1,377 or 1,417 civilian deaths.
Iran's news outlets such as state-owned Press TV use the name "Daesh Takfiri" (see Iran and ISIL). Financial Times chose to stick with ISIS even after the group's name change. [25] Several newspapers published by Metro International such as the Toronto edition sourced from the Toronto Star uses "Daesh". [26]