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For the United States, the Creek War was an important side conflict to increase their control in the South at the expense of Native American factions allied with and supplied by the British, while the Hartford Convention of the Federalist Party (December 1814 – January 1815) played a significant role in voicing strong opposition to the U.S ...
The war in Europe against the French Empire under Napoleon ensured that the British did not consider the War of 1812 against the United States as more than a sideshow. [282] Britain's blockade of French trade had worked and the Royal Navy was the world's dominant nautical power (and remained so for another century).
The War of 1812 : writings from America's second war of independence (2013), primary sources online free to borrow; Horsman, Reginald. The Causes of the War of 1812 (1962). Kaplan, Lawrence S. "France and Madison's Decision for War 1812," The Mississippi Valley Historical Review, Vol. 50, No. 4. (Mar., 1964), pp. 652–671. in JSTOR
1813-1814 - Creek War; 1814 – British troops burn Washington, D.C., but are forced back at Baltimore; November 23, 1814 – Vice President Gerry dies; 1814 – Treaty of Ghent settles War of 1812; 1815 – Battle of New Orleans; 1816 – Indiana becomes the 19th state; 1816 – Second Bank of the United States chartered
1812: The War That Forged a Nation. New York: Harper Perennial. ISBN 978-0-06-053112-6. Crawford, Michael J. (ed.) (2002). The Naval War of 1812: A Documentary History, Vol. 3. Washington: United States Department of Defense. ISBN 978-0160512247; Cruikshank, Ernest (2006) [1814]. The Documentary History of the campaign upon the Niagara frontier.
The historiography of the War of 1812 reflects the numerous interpretations of the conflict, especially in reference to the war's outcome. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The historical record has interpreted both the British and Americans as victors in the conflict, with substantial academic and popular literature published to support each claim.
Overall, Tecumseh's confederacy played a crucial role in causing the War of 1812, and in early operations in the west. In 1812, Tecumseh's warriors, as shock troops, assisted a small force of 700 British regulars and Canadian militia to force the surrender of 2,500 American soldiers, by threatening to massacre any captives of the Siege of Detroit .
Shawnee Chief Black Hoof (Catecahassa) was a staunch opponent of Tecumseh's confederation and an ally of the United States in the War of 1812. The two principal adversaries in the conflict, Tecumseh and William Henry Harrison, had both been junior participants in the Battle of Fallen Timbers at the close of the Northwest Indian War in 1794.