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The hot comb was an invention developed in France as a way for women with coarse curly hair to achieve a fine straight look traditionally modeled by historical Egyptian women. [43] However, it was Annie Malone who first patented this tool, while her protégé and former worker, Madam C. J. Walker , widened the teeth.
Two years earlier, she had developed a new process of using potatoes to make flour and alcohol, which subsequently lessened Sweden's reliance on wheat crops and decreased the risk of famine. [43] 1751: 19-year-old Italian physicist Cristina Roccati received her PhD from the University of Bologna. [44]
In the US, in 1954, only 1.5% of patents named a woman, compared with 10.9% in 2002. [1] Women's inventions have historically been concentrated in some areas, such as chemistry and education, and rare in others, such as physics, and electrical and mechanical engineering. [1]
This is a historical list dealing with women scientists in the 20th century. During this time period, women working in scientific fields were rare. Women at this time faced barriers in higher education and often denied access to scientific institutions; in the Western world, the first-wave feminist movement began to break down many of these ...
Genetic evidence from body lice suggest dates a range of dates centering over 100 thousand years ago. [28] Advanced scraping tools were found in Morocco dating to 90–120,000 years ago, they are made from bone and would have enabled the people using them to make "supple leather" from hides, unlike older bone scrapers. [29] [30]
The 24-year-old from Brooklyn was the first to use a new technology called digitalization to capture images. Four decades later, we carry his invention in our pockets on our phones. Courtesy of ...
Women make up 33% of researchers overall in the European Union (EU), slightly more than their representation in science (32%). Women constitute 40% of researchers in higher education, 40% in government and 19% in the private sector, with the number of female researchers increasing faster than that of male researchers.
Only five women have won the prize: Marie Curie (1903), Maria Goeppert-Mayer (1963), Donna Strickland (2018), Andrea Ghez (2020), and Anne L'Huillier (2023). [8] Before L'Huillier, each woman only ever received a quarter share of the prize, although Marie Curie did receive an unshared Nobel prize in chemistry in 1911. In 2023, L'Huillier ...