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For example, Muslims and Bangladeshis typically lean on more Persian and Arabic words in their Bengali than their Hindu and Indian Bengali counterparts. [4] Persian influence was so significant throughout Bengal's history, and was the official language of the region for 600 years, until the British arrived and changed it to English in 1836. [5]
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Bengali is an Eastern Indo-Aryan language that originated from the Middle Indo-Aryan language by the natives of present-day West Bengal and Bangladesh in the 4th to 7th century. [ 1 ] After the conquest of Nadia in 1204 AD, Islamic rule began in Bengal, which influenced the Bengali language.
Bengali personal pronouns are somewhat similar to English pronouns, having different words for first, second, and third person, and also for singular and plural (unlike for verbs, below). Bengali pronouns do not differentiate for gender; that is, the same pronoun may be used for "he" or "she".
English and other foreign (বিদেশী bideshi) borrowings add even more cluster types into the Bengali inventory, further increasing the syllable capacity to CCCVCCCC, [citation needed] as commonly used loanwords such as ট্রেন ṭren "train" and গ্লাস glash "glass" are now even included in leading Bengali dictionaries.
The Bengali script in general has a comparatively shallow orthography when compared to the Latin script used for English and French, i.e., in many cases there is a one-to-one correspondence between the sounds (phonemes) and the letters (graphemes) of Bengali. But grapheme-phoneme inconsistencies do occur in many other cases.
Starting in 2010, every year free books are distributed to students between Grade-1 to Grade-10 to eliminate illiteracy. [6] These books comprise most of the curricula of the majority of Bangladeshi schools. There are two versions of the curriculum. One is the Bengali language version and the other one is English language version.
The origin of tatsama words (Bengali: তৎসম, romanized: tôtśômô) in Bengali is traced to 10th century poets.Another, more minor, wave of tatsama vocabulary entered the (Modern) Bengali language by Sanskrit scholars teaching at Fort William College in Kolkata at the start of the 19th century.