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Mars 3 was a robotic space probe of the Soviet Mars program, launched May 28, 1971, nine days after its twin spacecraft Mars 2. The probes were identical robotic spacecraft launched by Proton-K rockets with a Blok D upper stage, each consisting of an orbiter and an attached lander .
The orbiter reached Mars orbit on September 24, 2014. Through this mission, ISRO became the first space agency to succeed in its first attempt at a Mars orbiter. The mission is the first successful Asian interplanetary mission. [6] Ten days after ISRO's launch, NASA launched their seventh Mars orbiter MAVEN to study the Martian atmosphere.
First Soviet spacecraft to orbit Mars Mars 3 orbiter USSR 2 December 1971 [15] Mission terminated on August 22, 1972 Mars 5 orbiter [16] USSR 12 February 1974 Contact lost on 28 February 1974 due to a loss of pressurization in the transmitter [17] Viking 1 orbiter USA 19 June 1976 Mission terminated 17 August 1980, spacecraft in derelict high ...
Lost when the Mars 2 lander crashed into the surface of Mars. 16 Mars 3: Mars 3 (4M No.172) 28 May 1971 Soviet Union: Orbiter Successful On December 2 it became in short sequence the third spacecraft to orbit another planet. [5] Operated for 20 orbits [8] [9] Proton-K/D: Mars 3 lander (SA 4M No.172) Lander Partial success [10] [11]
The Mars 2 lander crashed into Mars on 27 November 1971, in a failed soft landing attempt. It was the first manmade object to reach the surface of Mars. The orbiter continued operating until 22 August 1972. [6] [7] Mars 3 Orbiter and Lander: Mars 28 May 1971 2 December 1971 entered orbit/landed: 189 days (6 mo, 5 d) Mars 3 did not attain its ...
This spacecraft was designed as an orbiter only, while the next two probes of project M-71, Mars 2 and Mars 3, were multipurpose combinations of an orbiter and a lander with small skis-walking rovers, PrOP-M, that would be the first planet rovers outside the Moon. They were successfully launched in mid-May 1971 and reached Mars about seven ...
The Voyager Mars Program was a planned series of uncrewed NASA probes to the planet Mars. The missions were planned, as part of the Apollo Applications Program, between 1966 and 1968 and were scheduled for launch in 1974–75. [1] The probes were conceived as precursors for a crewed Mars landing in the 1980s. [2]
The Rosalind Franklin rover is an autonomous six-wheeled vehicle with mass approximately 300 kg (660 lb), about 60% more than NASA's 2004 Mars Exploration Rovers Spirit and Opportunity, [17] but about one third that of NASA's two most recent rovers: Curiosity rover, launched in 2011, and Perseverance rover, launched in 2020.