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Science is a systematic discipline that builds and organises knowledge in the form of testable hypotheses and predictions about the universe. [1] [2] Modern science is typically divided into two or three major branches: [3] the natural sciences (e.g., physics, chemistry, and biology), which study the physical world; and the behavioural sciences (e.g., economics, psychology, and sociology ...
Semantics studies meaning in language, which is limited to the meaning of linguistic expressions. It concerns how signs are interpreted and what information they contain. An example is the meaning of words provided in dictionary definitions by giving synonymous expressions or paraphrases, like defining the meaning of the term ram as adult male sheep. [22]
The word may also come from Old French jargon meaning "chatter of birds". [17] Middle English also has the verb jargounen meaning "to chatter", or "twittering", deriving from Old French. [18] The Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer is the first known use of the term "jargon" in English literature.
Scientific terminology is the part of the language that is used by scientists in the context of their professional activities. While studying nature, scientists often encounter or create new material or immaterial objects and concepts and are compelled to name them.
Linguistics is the scientific study of language. [1] [2] [3] The areas of linguistic analysis are syntax (rules governing the structure of sentences), semantics (meaning), morphology (structure of words), phonetics (speech sounds and equivalent gestures in sign languages), phonology (the abstract sound system of a particular language), and pragmatics (how the context of use contributes to ...
In linguistics, syntax (/ ˈ s ɪ n t æ k s / SIN-taks) [1] [2] is the study of how words and morphemes combine to form larger units such as phrases and sentences.Central concerns of syntax include word order, grammatical relations, hierarchical sentence structure (constituency), [3] agreement, the nature of crosslinguistic variation, and the relationship between form and meaning ().
The word statistics, when referring to the scientific discipline, is singular, as in "Statistics is an art." [10] This should not be confused with the word statistic, referring to a quantity (such as mean or median) calculated from a set of data, [11] whose plural is statistics ("this statistic seems wrong" or "these statistics are misleading").
Terminology is a group of specialized words and respective meanings in a particular field, and also the study of such terms and their use; [1] the latter meaning is also known as terminology science. A term is a word, compound word , or multi-word expression that in specific contexts is given specific meanings—these may deviate from the ...