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METAR is a format for reporting weather information. A METAR weather report is predominantly used by aircraft pilots, and by meteorologists, who use aggregated METAR information to assist in weather forecasting. Raw METAR is the most common format in the world for the transmission of observational weather data.
A World Area Forecast Centre (WAFC) is a meteorological centre that provides real-time meteorological information broadcasts for aviation purposes. These broadcasts are supervised by International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) in order to fulfill requirements of the ICAO Annex 3 covering meteorological information which is necessary for flights.
The AWC is also responsible for aviation warnings, such as AIRMETs and SIGMETs, for the United States, including its overseas territories, and northern portions of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. [1] [2] It is finally the center that issues forecasts for the displacement of volcanic ash and forest fire smoke plumes for the same territories. [2]
The Aviation Weather Center (AWC), located in Kansas City, Missouri, is a central aviation support facility operated by the National Weather Service, which issues two primary products: AIRMET (Airmen's Meteorological Information) – Information on icing , turbulence , mountain obscuration, low-level wind shear, instrument meteorological ...
TAFs are issued at least four times a day, every six hours, for major civil airfields: 0000, 0600, 1200 and 1800 UTC, [4] and generally apply to a 24- or 30-hour period, and an area within approximately five statute miles (8.0 km) (or 5 nautical miles (9.3 km) in Canada) from the center of an airport runway complex. TAFs are issued every three ...
A pilot report or PIREP is a report of actual flight or ground conditions encountered by an aircraft.Reports commonly include information about atmospheric conditions (like temperature, icing, turbulence) or airport conditions (like runway condition codes or ground equipment failures).
Space Weather Prediction Center provides space weather alerts and warnings for disturbances that can affect people and equipment working in space and on earth. Storm Prediction Center provides tornado and severe weather watches for the contiguous United States along with a suite of hazardous weather forecasts. Weather Prediction Center provides ...
Center Weather Service Units (CWSUs) began operations on April 3, 1978 after the Southern Airways Flight 242 crash near Atlanta in 1977 where the NTSB recommended increased weather situational awareness for the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)'s Air Traffic Controllers.