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Phocomelia is a congenital condition that involves malformations of human arms and legs which result in a flipper-like appendage. [1] [2] A prominent cause of phocomelia is the mother being prescribed the use of the drug thalidomide during pregnancy; however, the causes of most cases are to be determined.
The following is a list of symptoms that have been associated with Roberts syndrome: [citation needed] Bilateral symmetric tetraphocomelia- a birth defect in which the hands and feet are attached to shortened arms and legs; Prenatal growth retardation An example of a severely affected Roberts syndrome Patient
One class of congenital limb deformities, limb reduction defects, occurs when one or more limbs are undersized or missing parts. The prevalence of these defects in the United States is approximately 1 in 1900 births. [2] This category includes amelia, ectrodactyly, radial dysplasia, and phocomelia among others. These defects are more likely to ...
Possible birth defects include phocomelia, dysmelia, amelia, bone hypoplasticity, and other congenital defects affecting the ear, heart, or internal organs. [41] Franks et al. looked at how the drug affected newborn babies, the severity of their deformities, and reviewed the drug in its early years.
Birth defects may result in disabilities that may be physical, intellectual, or developmental. [2] The disabilities can range from mild to severe. [6] Birth defects are divided into two main types: structural disorders in which problems are seen with the shape of a body part and functional disorders in which problems exist with how a body part ...
The treatment of fetal hydantoin syndrome is directed toward the specific symptoms that are apparent in each individual. Treatment may require the coordinated efforts of a team of specialists. Pediatricians, oral surgeons, plastic surgeons, neurologists, psychologists, and other healthcare professionals may need to systematically and ...
It shares symptoms with toxic shock and Kawasaki disease, including fever, rashes, swollen glands, conjunctivitis and, in severe cases, heart inflammation, and can cause multiple organ failure.
Inheritance of abnormal genes, e.g. polydactyly, ectrodactyly or brachydactyly, symptoms of deformed limbs then often occur in combination with other symptoms ; external causes during pregnancy (thus not inherited), e.g. via amniotic band syndrome; teratogenic drugs (e.g. thalidomide, which causes phocomelia) or environmental chemicals