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Provided a dentist performs proper aspiration to avoid intravenous injections, local anesthetics containing epinephrine (adrenaline) are safe to use during pregnancy. lignocaine and prilocaine are assigned a category B ranking by the FDA and are therefore safe for use during pregnancy. Lignocaine and prilocaine are sold as 2% and 4% ...
It is used as a eutectic mixture with lidocaine, 50% w/w, as lidocaine/prilocaine. The mixture is an oil with a melting point of 18 °C (64 °F). A 5% emulsion preparation, containing 2.5% each of lidocaine/prilocaine, is marketed by APP Pharmaceuticals under the trade name EMLA (an abbreviation for eutectic mixture of local anesthetics). [3]
However, not all of them are safe to use during pregnancy. One of the components of bismuth subsalicylate is salicylate, which is a component that crosses the placenta. Due to this, there is an increased risk for intrauterine growth retardation, fetal hemorrhage, and maternal hemorrhage within organogenesis and in the second/third trimester. [ 12 ]
The lidocaine/prilocaine eutectic mixture is an oil with a melting point of 18 °C, and can be formulated into preparations without the use of a non-aqueous solvent. [7] This allows higher concentrations of anaesthetic to be formulated into the preparation and maintained during application.
prilocaine: Citanest 1959 (Nils Löfgren and Egner) 1960 (Wielding) Primacaine: procaine: Novocain, borocaine (procaine borate), ethocaine 1904 (Alfred Einhorn) 1905 (Heinrich Braun) procainamide: proparacaine: proxymetacaine propoxycaine [16] Pyrrocaine [17] quinisocaine dimethisoquin [18] ropivacaine: Naropin 1957 (Ekenstam) 1997 trimecaine
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Lidocaine is one of the most commonly used local anaesthetics in dentistry. It can be administered in multiple ways, most often as a nerve block or infiltration, depending on the type of treatment carried out and the area of the mouth worked on. [10] For surface anaesthesia, several formulations can be used for endoscopies, before intubations ...
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