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One goal of CAD is to allow quicker iterations in the design process; [9] another is to enable smoothly transitioning to the CAM stage. [10] Although manually created drawings historically facilitated "a designer's goal of displaying an idea," [11] it did not result in a machine-readable result that could be modified and subsequently be used to directly build a prototype. [12]
[citation needed] CAM is now a system used in schools and lower educational purposes. [where?] CAM is a subsequent computer-aided process after computer-aided design (CAD) and sometimes computer-aided engineering (CAE), as the model generated in CAD and verified in CAE can be input into CAM software, which then controls the machine tool. CAM is ...
CAD output is often in the form of electronic files for print, machining, or other manufacturing operations. The terms computer-aided drafting (CAD) and computer-aided design and drafting (CADD) are also used. [2] Its use in designing electronic systems is known as electronic design automation (EDA).
CAD/CAM systems use primarily two types of surfaces: Regular (or canonical) surfaces include surfaces of revolution such as cylinders, cones, spheres, and tori, and ruled surfaces (linear in one direction) such as surfaces of extrusion. Freeform surfaces (usually NURBS) allow more complex shapes to be represented via freeform surface modeling. [1]
Availability of free and open-source CAD software and high costs of advanced and 3D CAD software may restrain the growth of the CAD software market. [25] Free and open-source CAD software packages include FreeCAD , [ 26 ] [ 27 ] [ 28 ] BRL-CAD developed for the US Army, [ 29 ] [ 30 ] QCAD Community Edition , [ 31 ] LibreCAD [ 32 ] and others.
On the software side, they are constantly looking to develop more powerful solvers, to better utilize computer resources, and to include engineering knowledge in pre and post-processing. On the process side, they try to achieve a better alignment between 3D CAE, 1D system simulation, and physical testing.
Computer-integrated manufacturing is used in automotive, aviation, space, and ship building industries. [4]The term "computer-integrated manufacturing" is both a method of manufacturing and the name of a computer-automated system in which individual engineering, production, marketing, and support functions of a manufacturing enterprise are organized.
In designing the systems the system developers usually consider surface structures. A one-to-one mapping is the typical statement, which is to develop a computer based functionality that maps as closely as possible into a corresponding manual design activity, for example, drafting of stairs, checking spatial conflict between building systems ...