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Idealism in philosophy, also known as philosophical idealism or metaphysical idealism, is the set of metaphysical perspectives asserting that, most fundamentally, reality is equivalent to mind, spirit, or consciousness; that reality is entirely a mental construct; or that ideas are the highest type of reality or have the greatest claim to being considered "real".
In ordinary English, optimism may be synonymous with idealism—often, unrealistic or foolish optimism in particular. The term derives from the Latin optimum, meaning "best". To be optimistic, in the typical sense of the word, is to expect the best possible outcome from any given situation. [1]
Supporters of idealism, the group of metaphysical philosophies which assert that reality, or reality as humans can know it, is fundamentally mental, mentally constructed, or otherwise immaterial. Epistemologically , idealism manifests as a skepticism about the possibility of knowing any mind-independent thing.
The Theory of Forms or Theory of Ideas, [1] [2] [3] also known as Platonic idealism or Platonic realism, is a philosophical theory widely credited to the Classical Greek philosopher Plato. A major concept in metaphysics , the theory suggests that the physical world is not as real or true as Forms.
idealism The doctrine that reality or knowledge is founded on ideas (mental experience). Depending on the specific ideal, idealism is usually juxtaposed with materialism or realism. ignosticism A philosophy questioning the existence of God relating to a lack of proof while at the same time arguing for a strong faith. illusionism
German idealism is a philosophical movement that emerged in Germany in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. It developed out of the work of Immanuel Kant in the 1780s and 1790s, [ 1 ] and was closely linked both with Romanticism and the revolutionary politics of the Enlightenment .
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Idealism may be: The philosophical notion of idealism. Dialectical idealism; French idealism; Idealism (ethics) Magical idealism in works of Novalis; Idealism (arts)