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The Penrose method (or square-root method) is a method devised in 1946 by Professor Lionel Penrose [1] for allocating the voting weights of delegations (possibly a single representative) in decision-making bodies proportional to the square root of the population represented by this delegation.
The Gallagher index measures an electoral system's relative disproportionality between votes received and seats in a legislature. [1] [2] As such, it measures the difference between the percentage of votes each party gets and the percentage of seats each party gets in the resulting legislature, and it also measures this disproportionality from all parties collectively in any one given election.
Artifact-free definitions fix measurements at an exact value related to a physical constant or other invariable phenomena in nature, in contrast to standard artifacts which are subject to deterioration or destruction. Instead, the measurement unit can only ever change through increased accuracy in determining the value of the constant it is ...
[112] This method of evaluating contributions was later disputed by Aaron Swartz, who noted that several articles he sampled had large portions of their content (measured by number of characters) contributed by users with low edit counts. [113] The English Wikipedia has 6,963,135 articles, 48,812,547 registered editors, and 126,761 active ...
The German Peasants' War of 1524–25 was in part a tax resistance campaign. The rebels vowed to set their own tithes, and said: The rebels vowed to set their own tithes, and said: The small tithes, whether ecclesiastical or lay, we will not pay at all, for the Lord God created cattle for the free use of man.
Twitter, officially known as X since 2023, is a social networking service.It is one of the world's largest social media platforms and one of the most-visited websites. [5] [6] Users can share short text messages, images, and videos in short posts commonly known as "tweets" (officially "posts") and like other users' content. [7]
People are classified as obese when their body mass index (BMI)—a person's weight divided by the square of the person's height—is over 30 kg/m 2; the range 25–30 kg/m 2 is defined as overweight. [1] Some East Asian countries use lower values to calculate obesity. [11]
The name of the alliance refers to the revolution that overthrew Hosni Mubarak on 25 January 2011 and the overthrow of Mohamed Morsi on 30 June 2013. [3] In July 2014, members of the April 6 Youth Movement and Tamarod stated that they would join the alliance. [3] The Free Egyptians Party stated that it might join the alliance. [3]