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2. Rate (mathematics) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rate_(mathematics)

   In mathematics, a rate is the quotient of two quantities, often represented as a fraction. [1] If the divisor (or fraction denominator) in the rate is equal to one expressed as a single unit, and if it is assumed that this quantity can be changed systematically (i.e., is an independent variable), then the dividend (the fraction numerator) of the rate expresses the corresponding rate of change ...

3. Equations of motion - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equations_of_motion

   There are two main descriptions of motion: dynamics and kinematics.Dynamics is general, since the momenta, forces and energy of the particles are taken into account. In this instance, sometimes the term dynamics refers to the differential equations that the system satisfies (e.g., Newton's second law or Euler–Lagrange equations), and sometimes to the solutions to those equations.

4. Equations for a falling body - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equations_for_a_falling_body

   A set of equations describing the trajectories of objects subject to a constant gravitational force under normal Earth-bound conditions.Assuming constant acceleration g due to Earth's gravity, Newton's law of universal gravitation simplifies to F = mg, where F is the force exerted on a mass m by the Earth's gravitational field of strength g.

5. Newton's laws of motion - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton's_laws_of_motion

   The speed attained during free fall is proportional to the elapsed time, and the distance traveled is proportional to the square of the elapsed time. [41] Importantly, the acceleration is the same for all bodies, independently of their mass. This follows from combining Newton's second law of motion with his law of universal gravitation.

6. Velocity - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velocity

   The general formula for the escape velocity of an object at a distance r from the center of a planet with mass M is [12] = =, where G is the gravitational constant and g is the gravitational acceleration. The escape velocity from Earth's surface is about 11 200 m/s, and is irrespective of the direction of the object.

7. Speed and rate of climb - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rate_of_climb

   In aeronautics, the rate of climb (RoC) is an aircraft's vertical speed, that is the positive or negative rate of altitude change with respect to time. [1] In most ICAO member countries, even in otherwise metric countries, this is usually expressed in feet per minute (ft/min); elsewhere, it is commonly expressed in metres per second (m/s).

8. Speed - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speed

   The average speed of an object in an interval of time is the distance travelled by the object divided by the duration of the interval; [2] the instantaneous speed is the limit of the average speed as the duration of the time interval approaches zero. Speed is the magnitude of velocity (a vector), which indicates additionally the direction of ...

9. Snell's law - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snell's_law

   Rejecting Descartes' solution, Pierre de Fermat arrived at the same solution based solely on his principle of least time. Descartes assumed the speed of light was infinite, yet in his derivation of Snell's law he also assumed the denser the medium, the greater the speed of light. Fermat supported the opposing assumptions, i.e., the speed of ...