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In mathematics, the determinant is a scalar -valued function of the entries of a square matrix. The determinant of a matrix A is commonly denoted det (A), det A, or |A|. Its value characterizes some properties of the matrix and the linear map represented, on a given basis, by the matrix. In particular, the determinant is nonzero if and only if ...
In vector calculus, the Jacobian matrix (/ dʒəˈkoʊbiən /, [1][2][3] / dʒɪ -, jɪ -/) of a vector-valued function of several variables is the matrix of all its first-order partial derivatives. When this matrix is square, that is, when the function takes the same number of variables as input as the number of vector components of its output ...
In matrix calculus, Jacobi's formula expresses the derivative of the determinant of a matrix A in terms of the adjugate of A and the derivative of A. [1] If A is a differentiable map from the real numbers to n × n matrices, then. where tr (X) is the trace of the matrix X and is its adjugate matrix. (The latter equality only holds if A (t) is ...
In linear algebra, an invertible complex square matrix U is unitary if its matrix inverse U−1 equals its conjugate transpose U*, that is, if. where I is the identity matrix. In physics, especially in quantum mechanics, the conjugate transpose is referred to as the Hermitian adjoint of a matrix and is denoted by a dagger (†), so the equation ...
Matrix (mathematics) An m × n matrix: the m rows are horizontal and the n columns are vertical. Each element of a matrix is often denoted by a variable with two subscripts. For example, a2,1 represents the element at the second row and first column of the matrix. In mathematics, a matrix (pl.: matrices) is a rectangular array or table of ...
Vandermonde matrix. In linear algebra, a Vandermonde matrix, named after Alexandre-Théophile Vandermonde, is a matrix with the terms of a geometric progression in each row: an matrix. with entries , the jth power of the number , for all zero-based indices and . [1]
The identity matrix is the only idempotent matrix with non-zero determinant. That is, it is the only matrix such that: When multiplied by itself, the result is itself. All of its rows and columns are linearly independent. The principal square root of an identity matrix is itself, and this is its only positive-definite square root.
The determinant of the left hand side is the product of the determinants of the three matrices. Since the first and third matrix are triangular matrices with unit diagonal, their determinants are just 1. The determinant of the middle matrix is our desired value. The determinant of the right hand side is simply (1 + v T u). So we have the result: